python访问数据库api接口的方法（python如何写api接口）

1. 适用版本

适用于RPA2020.4以及以上版本，

2. 接口 API 手册

调用方式及字段，请参考论坛手册：

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3. Python 调用代码

如果想用机器人来调 API 接口，可参考以下代码，其它语言逻辑一样:

import jsonimport timeimport requestsfrom urllib import parseimport hmacimport base64from hashlib import sha256def rpa_rest_2020_4(host='',rest_type='',data_json=None,mode='',port=443,accesstoken=None,retry=2):    '''    host:地址，str型，示例：'https://192.168.202.11'    rest_type:str型，接口类型，示例：'/oapi/v1/job/create'    data_json:字典型，发送的报文数据json格式    mode:接口请求方式（get、post、delete及put）    port:int型，https端口    retry:int型，重试次数    返回值：get_field_json:字典型，    '''    get_field_json={'code': 40, 'msg': 'fail,意外情况','result':None}    #url参数转换    def json2Params(data_json):        get_field_json={'code': 41, 'msg': 'fail,转换URL参数失败！','result':None}        try:            data_json=json.loads(data_json)            url_str = ''            nums = 0            max_nums = len(data_json)            for key in data_json:                nums += 1                if nums == max_nums:                    url_str += str(key) + '=' + str(data_json[key])                else:                                url_str += str(key) + '=' + str(data_json[key]) + '&'        except Exception as e:            print('参数转化失败：',e)            url_str=''        finally:            return url_str    if mode != 'get' and mode != 'put' and mode != 'post' and mode != 'delete':        get_field_json={'code': 42, 'msg': 'fail,mode错误,只能为get、put、post或delete！','result':None}        return get_field_json    #获得签名sign    sign = ''    sign_yc = ''    url = host    if port != 443:        url = url + ':' + str(port)    url += rest_type    timestamp = None    #获取签名值sign：    try:        get_field_json={'code': 41, 'msg': 'fail,获取签名失败！','result':None}        #获得毫秒级时间戳（时间出入不能大于10分钟）        timestamp=str(int(round(time.time() * 1000)))        #处理json数据不为str类型的情况        for key in data_json:            data_json[key]=str(data_json[key])        #json排序        data_json=json.dumps(data_json,sort_keys=True)        #构造源串sign_yc        if mode == 'get':            json_str=json2Params(data_json)            sign_yc=json_str + '&token=' + accesstoken + '×tamp=' + timestamp            url = url+'?'+json_str        else:            sign_yc=str(data_json) + '&token=' + accesstoken + '×tamp=' + timestamp        print('源串：',sign_yc)        print('URL:',url)        #URL编码        url_bm = parse.quote(sign_yc, encoding="utf-8")        #sha256加密密码        byte_key = bytes(accesstoken, encoding="utf-8")        byte_url_bm = bytes(url_bm, encoding="utf-8")        hn256 = hmac.new(byte_key, byte_url_bm, digestmod=sha256)        hh256 = hn256.hexdigest()        #Base64编码        bb64 = base64.b64encode(bytes(hh256, encoding="utf-8"))        #获取sign        sign = str(bb64, "utf-8")        #替换rn        sign=sign.replace('rn', '')        print('签名值sign：',sign)    except Exception as e:        print(e)        return get_field_json    #开始尝试发送API    print('开始尝试发送API')    for count in range(retry):        print('尝试第',count+1,'次API请求任务。')        try:            print('开始尝试:',mode)            #post、delete、put            if mode!='get':                header_dict = {'Content-Type': 'application/json;charset=UTF-8','accesstoken':accesstoken,'timestamp':timestamp,'signature':sign}                if mode=='post':                    if rest_type == '/oapi/v1/job/create':                        header_dict = {'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=UTF-8','accesstoken':accesstoken,'timestamp':timestamp,'signature':sign}                        json_str=json2Params(data_json)                        url = url+'?'+json_str                        res = requests.post(url, data=str(data_json), headers=header_dict,verify=False)                    else:                        json_str=json2Params(data_json)                        url = url+'?'+json_str                        header_dict = {'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=UTF-8','accesstoken':accesstoken,'timestamp':timestamp,'signature':sign}                        res = requests.post(url, data=str(data_json), headers=header_dict,verify=False)                if mode=='put':                    res = requests.put(url, data=str(data_json), headers=header_dict,verify=False)                if mode=='delete':                    res = requests.delete(url, data=str(data_json), headers=header_dict,verify=False)            if mode=='get':                header_dict = {'accesstoken':accesstoken,'timestamp':timestamp,'signature':sign}                res = requests.get(url,headers=header_dict,verify=False)            #获取返回值            res_text=res.text            #转化成json            get_field_json=json.loads(res_text)            print('请求成功！')            break        except Exception as e:            print('请求失败：',e)            get_field_json={'code': 40, 'msg': 'fail,发送API失败！','result':None}    return get_field_jsondef get_token(host='',port='',accessKey='',secretKey='',retry=2):    '''    host:地址，str型，示例：'https://192.168.202.11'    port:int型，https端口    accessKey:str型，服务平台应用AppKey    secretKey:str型，服务平台应用AppSecret    retry:int型，重试次数    '''    get_field_json={'code': 44, 'msg': 'fail,获取token失败','result':None}    for i in range(retry):        try:            url = host            if port != 443:                url = url + ':' + str(port)            json_str='accessKey='+accessKey+'&secretKey='+secretKey            url = url+'/oapi/v1/token?'+json_str            res = requests.get(url,verify=False)            res_text=res.text            #转化成json            get_field_json=json.loads(res_text)            print('获取token，第'+str(i+1)+'次，成功')            break        except Exception as e:            print('获取token，第'+str(i+1)+'次，失败',e)            time.sleep(1)    return get_field_json        def refresh_token(host='',port='',refleshtoken='',retry=2):    '''    host:地址，str型，示例：'https://192.168.202.11'    port:int型，https端口    refleshtoken:str型，刷新token    retry:int型，重试次数    '''    get_field_json={'code': 44, 'msg': 'fail,刷新token失败','result':None}    for i in range(retry):        try:            url = host            if port != 443:                url = url + ':' + str(port)            json_str='refreshToken='+refleshtoken            url = url+'/oapi/v1/token?'+json_str            res = requests.get(url,verify=False)            res_text=res.text            #转化成json            get_field_json=json.loads(res_text)            print('刷新token，第'+str(i+1)+'次，成功')            break        except Exception as e:            print('刷新token，第'+str(i+1)+'次，失败',e)            time.sleep(1)    return get_field_json

4. 其它平台或客户端调用

4.1 其它平台调用

按照第 4 章的逻辑自行写调用代码即可。

4.2 机器人调用

按照第 4 章添加一个全局函数，在需要调用的地方使用全局函数控件即可。

注：需要提前获取token后调用，如无第三方平台对接，获取的token可存在共享变量里，分配权限调用，参考下图：